EXEP3D public deliverables
This page brings together public downloadable materials produced within the EXEP3D project.
Teaching Materials on Minimum Formwork using 3D Concrete Printing
Teaching material introducing 3D concrete printing as a minimum-formwork construction method, including process control, material characterisation, digital design workflows, reinforcement strategies, and realised 3DCP case studies.
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This document brings together knowledge-transfer outcomes from EXEP3D study visits, seminars, research workshops, and training activities. It introduces 3D concrete printing as both a material process and a digital design methodology, with emphasis on how digital fabrication can reduce conventional formwork, improve material efficiency, and support geometries that better follow structural demand.
Teaching Guide for Developing 3D-Printable Concrete Using Local Materials
A practical teaching guide for developing 3D-printable concrete mixes from local materials, from particle-size analysis and particle packing to admixture selection, rheology, buildability, and hardened-property testing.
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This guide presents an experimentally oriented workflow for designing and characterising 3D-printable cementitious materials. It covers dry-component optimisation, water-demand estimation, admixture adjustment, rheological testing, structuration, buildability, and hardened-property assessment for printable mixtures using local raw materials and SCMs.
Concrete Print 2025 — Student Competition Results
Results and assessment of Concrete Print 2025, Estonia’s first national student competition in 3D concrete printing, including event structure, participating teams, design outcomes, feedback, and next steps.
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This report documents the Concrete Print 2025 student competition held at TTK University of Applied Sciences and the 3D Concrete Printing Laboratory in Tallinn. The event combined lectures, workshops, hackathon-style idea development, mentoring, and live printing to introduce students to practical extrusion-based 3D concrete printing.
Mapping Boundary Conditions for 3D Concrete Printing with Local SCMs
A concise mapping of Estonian industry needs for 3D concrete printing, focusing on carbon footprint, cost, productivity, local SCMs, and prefabricated integrated-formwork applications.
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This report maps boundary conditions for applying 3D concrete printing with local SCM-blended cement in a prefabrication context. It connects industry needs to practical 3DCP factors such as clinker reduction, material efficiency, formwork elimination, automation, repeatability, quality control, transport, certification, and plant-scale production.
Report on 3DCP Minimum Formwork Technology
A technical report on 3DCP minimum-formwork technology, reviewing integrated formwork systems, lateral pressure, design optimisation, functional performance, and realised projects.
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This report provides a structured overview of minimum-formwork technologies enabled by digital fabrication and 3D concrete printing. It treats formwork as a design variable that affects geometry, material efficiency, construction-stage behaviour, and long-term system performance, with attention to integrated printed formwork systems and selected demonstrators.